St Mary Woolnoth occupies one of the most prominent sites of any church in the City of London. (The City is the oldest part of London, now the financial and business centre.) It stands at the junction of Lombard Street and King William Street, directly above Bank tube station. Also located in the immediate vicinity are the Bank of England, the Royal Exchange, and the corporate headquarters of many British banks.
The official name of this church is St Mary of the Nativity and it is said to have been originally founded by a Saxon noble named Wulfnoth on the site of a former Roman temple. It is first mentioned by name in a deed of 1191. Either the name of the founder or the proximity of a wool market led the church to become known as Wolnoth and now Woolnoth. The first church on the site was replaced in 1438. The second church was damaged in the Great Fire of 1666 so severely that, despite restoration by Sir Christopher Wren in 1674, it was finally judged unsafe and pulled down in 1716.
The present church was built by Wren’s highly original pupil Nicholas Hawksmoor between 1716 and 1727. Although he had only a limited area to build in, Hawksmoor created an imposing and distinctive masterpiece of English baroque.

The photo at right shows the StatWife standing outside the main gate. The heavily rusticated west front is square and rugged, giving a sense of intensity and power.
(As always, click on photos for larger views.)
For a photo showing the tower rising above, click here.

The interior is laid out as a square within a square. The inner square is enclosed by three rows of four columns that is itself enclosed by a larger square. The photo at left shows one side of the square with one of the semi-circular clerestory windows visible above. Beneath are twelve tall Corinthian columns, grouped in threes at each corner. The arms of Elizabeth II were added in 1968.
Because of its prime real estate location, there have been several attempts to have the church demolished in favour of more commercial projects. One of the more notable attempts took place in the late 1890s when the Tube was being extended to this area of London. Permission was at first given for demolition, but a public outcry forced reconsideration. It was decided that the tube station would be built underneath the church and, in a marvel of Victorian engineering, the Bank tube stop was constructed without harm to the church.
In the Second World War, St Mary Woolnoth was the only City church to escape bomb damage.
The most famous person associated with St Mary Woolnoth was the Rev John Newton, who served as rector here from 1779 until his death in 1807. Newton is author of one of the best-loved gospel hymns of all time, "Amazing Grace". His preaching and personal encouragement inspired William Wilberforce to take up the fight against slavery. The photo at left, showing the pulpit Newton preached from, illustrates the small size of the church’s seating area. On the wall on the far side is a memorial tablet placed in honour of John Newton, with the epitaph he wrote for himself.

On the right is a close-up of the memorial. The text reads:
John Newton, clerk, once an infidel and libertine, a servant of slaves in Africa,
Was, by the rich mercy of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ,
Preserved, restored, pardoned, and appointed to preach the faith he had long laboured to destroy.
He ministered near 16 years as curate and vicar of Olney in Buckinghamshire
And 28 years as rector of these united parishes.
On Feb the first 1750, he married Mary,
daughter of the late George Catlett, of Chatham, Kent,
Whom he resigned to the Lord who gave her, on Dec the 15th, 1790.
The tablet says that John and his wife Mary were buried in the vault beneath the church. When the Bank tube station was built, however, the crypt had to be excavated and the bones removed to other locations. The remains of John and Mary Newton were re-interred at St Peter’s and St Paul’s Church, Olney, Buckinghamshire, where John had served as curate and vicar before coming to St Mary Woolnoth.
Several more fine photos are posted here. A map showing the church’s location is here.
The church does not appear to have its own home page.
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